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  • History of Belgium – Modern Boundaries

    Peak Year: 1880 (1.3%)

    Belgium industrialized early, but the rest of the world starting growing faster.

    Phersu Atlas is the best source on this, despite some confusion about the Frankish sub-kingdoms. I consider the Holy Roman Empire to be the main polity until the interregnum of 1254. I view that Brabant was still basically part of France.

    My choice of cities to examine exaggerates the importance of the Prince-Bishopric of Liege.

    State Proportions for Selected Country Table

    CountryStart YearEnd YearProportions
    Belgium-3000-251None-1,
    Belgium-250-57Belgae-1,
    Belgium-56-56Belgae-0.6,Rome-0.4,
    Belgium-55-53Belgae-0.4,Rome-0.6,
    Belgium-52-49Rome-1,
    Belgium-48-45Rome-Caesar-1,
    Belgium-44260Rome-1,
    Belgium261274Gallic Empire-1,
    Belgium275306Rome-1,
    Belgium307324Rome-Constantine-1,
    Belgium325337Rome-1,
    Belgium338340Rome-Constantine II-1,
    Belgium341350Rome-Constans-1,
    Belgium351353Rome-Magnentius-1,
    Belgium354358Rome-1,
    Belgium359395France-0.6,Rome-0.4,
    Belgium396406France-0.6,Western Roman Empire-0.4,
    Belgium407411France-0.6,Rome-Constantine III-0.2,Western Roman Empire-0.2,
    Belgium412420France-0.6,Western Roman Empire-0.4,
    Belgium421451France-1,
    Belgium452452France-0.4,Huns-0.6,
    Belgium453511France-0.8,Franks-0.2,
    Belgium512558Soissons-1,
    Belgium559561France-1,
    Belgium562562Metz-0.4,Soissons-0.6,
    Belgium563563Metz-1,
    Belgium564573Metz-0.4,Soissons-0.6,
    Belgium574575Metz-1,
    Belgium576600Metz-0.4,Soissons-0.6,
    Belgium601612Frisians-0.4,Metz-0.4,Soissons-0.2,
    Belgium613613Frisians-0.4,Orleans-0.4,Soissons-0.2,
    Belgium614630France-0.6,Frisians-0.4,
    Belgium631639France-1,
    Belgium640661Austrasia-0.4,Neustria-0.6,
    Belgium662662France-1,
    Belgium663673Austrasia-0.4,Neustria-0.6,
    Belgium674676France-1,
    Belgium677679Austrasia-0.4,France-0.2,Neustria-0.4,
    Belgium680715France-1,
    Belgium716718Austrasia-0.4,Neustria-0.6,
    Belgium719741France-1,
    Belgium742747Austrasia-0.4,Neustria-0.6,
    Belgium748768France-1,
    Belgium769771Austrasia-0.4,France-0.2,Neustria-0.4,
    Belgium772842France-1,
    Belgium843843France-0.6,Lotharingia-0.4,
    Belgium844870Lotharingia-1,
    Belgium871880France-1,
    Belgium881882Saxony-1,
    Belgium883884East Francia-0.8,France-0.2,
    Belgium885887France-1,
    Belgium888888East Francia-1,
    Belgium889889Burgundy-0.6,France-0.2,Lotharingia-0.2,
    Belgium890890East Francia-0.6,France-0.2,Lotharingia-0.2,
    Belgium891898East Francia-0.8,France-0.2,
    Belgium899899Burgundy-0.2,East Francia-0.8,
    Belgium900900East Francia-0.4,France-0.2,Lotharingia-0.4,
    Belgium901911East Francia-0.8,France-0.2,
    Belgium912922France-1,
    Belgium923926France-0.2,Lotharingia-0.8,
    Belgium927929Lotharingia-1,
    Belgium930961East Francia-0.8,France-0.2,
    Belgium962962East Francia-0.6,France-0.2,Holy Roman Empire-0.2,
    Belgium963963France-0.2,Holy Roman Empire-0.4,Lower Lotharingia-0.4,
    Belgium964985France-0.2,Holy Roman Empire-0.6,Lower Lotharingia-0.2,
    Belgium9861254France-0.2,Holy Roman Empire-0.8,
    Belgium12551272Brabant-0.4,France-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium12731278Brabant-0.4,France-0.2,Liege-0.2,Luxembourg-0.2,
    Belgium12791302Brabant-0.4,France-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium13031357Brabant-0.4,Flanders-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium13581384Brabant-0.2,Flanders-0.2,France-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium13851405Brabant-0.2,Burgundy-0.2,France-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium14061430Brabant-0.4,Burgundy-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium14311482Burgundy-0.6,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium14831486Austria-0.6,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium14871513Austria-0.4,France-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium15141514Austria-0.4,England-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium15151529Austria-0.4,France-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium15301556Austria-0.6,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium15571579Liege-0.4,Spain-0.6,
    Belgium15801581Liege-0.4,Netherlands-0.4,Spain-0.2,
    Belgium15821584Liege-0.4,Netherlands-0.6,
    Belgium15851585Liege-0.4,Netherlands-0.4,Spain-0.2,
    Belgium15861676Liege-0.4,Spain-0.6,
    Belgium16771678France-0.2,Liege-0.4,Spain-0.4,
    Belgium16791693Liege-0.4,Spain-0.6,
    Belgium16941695France-0.2,Liege-0.2,Spain-0.6,
    Belgium16961701Liege-0.2,Spain-0.8,
    Belgium17021706France-0.8,Liege-0.2,
    Belgium17071713France-0.2,Liege-0.2,Netherlands-0.6,
    Belgium17141714Austria-0.4,France-0.2,Liege-0.2,Netherlands-0.2,
    Belgium17151745Austria-0.6,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium17461746Austria-0.4,France-0.2,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium17471748Austria-0.2,France-0.6,Liege-0.2,
    Belgium17491794Austria-0.6,Liege-0.4,
    Belgium17951815France-1,
    Belgium18161830Netherlands-1,
    Belgium18311831Belgium-1,
    Belgium18321832Belgium-0.8,Netherlands-0.2,
    Belgium18331914Belgium-1,
    Belgium19151918Germany-1,
    Belgium19191940Belgium-1,
    Belgium19411944Germany-1,
    Belgium19452022Belgium-1,

  • History of Albania – Modern Boundaries

    Peak Year: 1010 BCE (0.1% of world GDP)

    Albania is relatively well-documented.

    State Proportions for Selected Country Table

    CountryStart YearEnd YearProportions
    Albania-3000-627None-1,
    Albania-626-450Epidamnos-0.2,None-0.8,
    Albania-449-356Apollonia-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,None-0.6,
    Albania-355-318Apollonia-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,Macedon-0.6,
    Albania-317-317Apollonia-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,Macedon-0.4,Polyperchon-0.2,
    Albania-316-316Apollonia-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,Macedon-0.2,Polyperchon-0.4,
    Albania-315-315Apollonia-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,Macedon-0.6,
    Albania-314-294Apollonia-0.2,Cassander-0.6,Epidamnos-0.2,
    Albania-293-286Antigonus-0.6,Apollonia-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,
    Albania-285-285Antigonus-0.2,Apollonia-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,Epirus-0.4,
    Albania-284-281Apollonia-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,Lysimachos-0.6,
    Albania-280-279Apollonia-0.2,Ardiaei-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,Ptolemy Ceraunus-0.4,
    Albania-278-277Apollonia-0.2,Ardiaei-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,Galatia-0.4,
    Albania-276-252Apollonia-0.2,Ardiaei-0.2,Cassander-0.4,Epidamnos-0.2,
    Albania-251-250Antigonus-0.4,Apollonia-0.2,Ardiaei-0.2,Epidamnos-0.2,
    Albania-249-229Apollonia-0.2,Ardiaei-0.6,Epidamnos-0.2,
    Albania-228-222Ardiaei-0.2,Rome-0.8,
    Albania-221-219Ardiaei-1,
    Albania-218-214Ardiaei-0.4,Rome-0.6,
    Albania-213-209Antigonus-0.2,Ardiaei-0.4,Rome-0.4,
    Albania-208-208Ardiaei-0.4,Dardania-0.2,Rome-0.4,
    Albania-207-205Antigonus-0.2,Ardiaei-0.4,Rome-0.4,
    Albania-204-168Ardiaei-0.4,Rome-0.6,
    Albania-167-49Rome-1,
    Albania-48-48Rome-0.6,Rome-Caesar-0.4,
    Albania-47-45Rome-0.8,Rome-Caesar-0.2,
    Albania-44-43Rome-1,
    Albania-42-42Rome-Liberatores-1,
    Albania-41306Rome-1,
    Albania307308Rome-Galerius-1,
    Albania309311Rome-Galerius-0.4,Rome-Licinius-0.6,
    Albania312316Rome-Licinius-1,
    Albania317324Rome-Constantine-1,
    Albania325337Rome-1,
    Albania338350Rome-Constans-1,
    Albania351352Rome-Magnentius-1,
    Albania353353Rome-0.2,Rome-Magnentius-0.8,
    Albania354394Rome-1,
    Albania395395Eastern Roman Empire-0.2,Rome-0.8,
    Albania396447Eastern Roman Empire-1,
    Albania448448Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,Huns-0.6,
    Albania449583Eastern Roman Empire-1,
    Albania584584Avars-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.8,
    Albania585586Eastern Roman Empire-1,
    Albania587587Avars-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.8,
    Albania588595Eastern Roman Empire-1,
    Albania596596Avars-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.8,
    Albania597904Eastern Roman Empire-1,
    Albania905937Bulgaria-1,
    Albania938938Hungary-1,
    Albania939969Bulgaria-0.8,Hungary-0.2,
    Albania970971Russia-1,
    Albania9721005Bulgaria-1,
    Albania10061018Bulgaria-0.8,Eastern Roman Empire-0.2,
    Albania10191040Eastern Roman Empire-1,
    Albania10411081Dioclea-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.8,
    Albania10821085Apulia-0.4,Dioclea-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,
    Albania10861146Dioclea-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.8,
    Albania11471185Eastern Roman Empire-0.8,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania11861186Serbia-0.2,Sicily-0.8,
    Albania11871204Eastern Roman Empire-0.8,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12051205Arbanon-0.4,Latin Empire-0.4,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12061206Arbanon-0.4,Latin Empire-0.2,Serbia-0.2,Venice-0.2,
    Albania12071213Arbanon-0.4,Epirus-0.2,Serbia-0.2,Venice-0.2,
    Albania12141216Arbanon-0.4,Epirus-0.4,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12171224Epirus-0.8,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12251230Latin Empire-0.8,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12311237Bulgaria-0.6,Epirus-0.2,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12381246Epirus-0.2,Latin Empire-0.6,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12471247Epirus-0.2,Nicaea-0.6,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12481251Epirus-0.6,Nicaea-0.2,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12521257Epirus-0.2,Nicaea-0.6,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12581258Epirus-0.4,Nicaea-0.4,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12591261Nicaea-0.4,Serbia-0.2,Sicily-0.4,
    Albania12621266Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,Serbia-0.2,Sicily-0.4,
    Albania12671271Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,Epirus-0.4,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12721272Angevins-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,Epirus-0.2,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12731274Angevins-0.8,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12751284Angevins-0.4,Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania12851288Angevins-0.4,Eastern Roman Empire-0.2,Serbia-0.4,
    Albania12891294Angevins-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,Serbia-0.4,
    Albania12951296Eastern Roman Empire-0.6,Serbia-0.4,
    Albania12971299Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,Serbia-0.6,
    Albania13001304Eastern Roman Empire-0.6,Serbia-0.4,
    Albania13051312Angevins-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.4,Serbia-0.4,
    Albania13131342Angevins-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-0.2,Serbia-0.6,
    Albania13431343Angevins-0.2,Eastern Roman Empire-Regency-0.2,Serbia-0.6,
    Albania13441355Angevins-0.2,Serbia-0.8,
    Albania13561356Angevins-0.2,Serbia-0.6,Valona-0.2,
    Albania13571367Angevins-0.2,Serbia-0.2,Serbia-Simeon-0.4,Valona-0.2,
    Albania13681368Albania-0.2,Serbia-0.2,Serbia-Simeon-0.4,Valona-0.2,
    Albania13691371Albania-0.6,Serbia-0.2,Valona-0.2,
    Albania13721376Albania-0.6,Valona-0.2,Zeta-0.2,
    Albania13771383Albania-0.4,Angevins-0.2,Valona-0.2,Zeta-0.2,
    Albania13841385Albania-0.6,Valona-0.2,Zeta-0.2,
    Albania13861389Albania-0.4,Valona-0.2,Zeta-0.4,
    Albania13901392Albania-0.2,Kastrioti-0.2,Valona-0.2,Zeta-0.4,
    Albania13931396Albania-0.2,Kastrioti-0.2,Valona-0.2,Venice-0.2,Zeta-0.2,
    Albania13971405Albania-0.2,Kastrioti-0.2,Valona-0.2,Venice-0.4,
    Albania14061409Albania-0.2,Kastrioti-0.2,Valona-0.2,Venice-0.2,Zeta-0.2,
    Albania14101415Albania-0.2,Kastrioti-0.2,Valona-0.2,Venice-0.4,
    Albania14161417Kastrioti-0.2,Ottoman-0.2,Valona-0.2,Venice-0.4,
    Albania14181421Ottoman-0.6,Venice-0.4,
    Albania14221439Ottoman-0.6,Serbia-0.2,Venice-0.2,
    Albania14401443Ottoman-0.8,Venice-0.2,
    Albania14441444Kastrioti-0.2,Ottoman-0.6,Venice-0.2,
    Albania14451447Lezhe-0.4,Ottoman-0.2,Venice-0.4,
    Albania14481448Lezhe-0.6,Ottoman-0.2,Venice-0.2,
    Albania14491468Lezhe-0.4,Ottoman-0.2,Venice-0.4,
    Albania14691479Ottoman-0.6,Venice-0.4,
    Albania14801501Ottoman-0.8,Venice-0.2,
    Albania15021690Ottoman-1,
    Albania16911691Ottoman-0.8,Venice-0.2,
    Albania16921757Ottoman-1,
    Albania17581774Ottoman-0.8,Scutari-0.2,
    Albania17751787Berat-0.6,Ottoman-0.2,Scutari-0.2,
    Albania17881809Berat-0.6,Scutari-0.2,Yanina-0.2,
    Albania18101822Scutari-0.2,Yanina-0.8,
    Albania18231831Ottoman-0.8,Scutari-0.2,
    Albania18321912Ottoman-1,
    Albania19131913Albania-0.2,Greece-0.2,Ottoman-0.2,Serbia-0.4,
    Albania19141914Albania-0.8,Montenegro-0.2,
    Albania19151915Albania-0.6,Italy-0.2,Montenegro-0.2,
    Albania19161916Albania-0.4,Italy-0.2,Montenegro-0.2,Serbia-0.2,
    Albania19171917Austria-0.6,Italy-0.4,
    Albania19181918Austria-0.8,Italy-0.2,
    Albania19191920Albania-0.8,Italy-0.2,
    Albania19211926Albania-1,
    Albania19271928Italy-1,
    Albania19291939Albania-1,
    Albania19401943Italy-1,
    Albania19441944Albania-0.4,Germany-0.6,
    Albania19452022Albania-1,

  • History of Belarus – Modern Boundaries

    Peak GDP Year: 1947 (0.6%)

    The peak year of 1947, reflects industrialization under Stalin. That number is largely projected backwards from 1973 data and it is hard to believe that war-ravaged Belarus was actually in good condition.

    There is little historical information about Northeastern Europe before the 9th century. I have followed Phersu Atlas in ascribing control vaguely known tribal confederations and kingdoms at times.

    I have identified the Kievan Rus state as Russia because that it was its contemporaries called it (in Latin). The breakup of the Kievan Rus was a gradual process and I have followed the Phersu Atlas in its timing.

    Here is my summary of who controlled Belarus

    State Proportions for Selected Country Table

    CountryStart YearEnd YearProportions
    Belarus-3000-800None-1,
    Belarus-799-300None-0.84,Scythians-0.16,
    Belarus-299340None-1,
    Belarus341374None-0.68,Ostrogoths-0.32,
    Belarus375376Huns-0.16,None-0.68,Ostrogoths-0.16,
    Belarus377469Huns-0.16,None-0.84,
    Belarus470518None-1,
    Belarus519602Antes-0.16,None-0.84,
    Belarus603862None-1,
    Belarus863881None-0.84,Russia-0.16,
    Belarus882980None-0.52,Russia-0.48,
    Belarus9811000Russia-1,
    Belarus10011100Polotsk-0.36,Russia-0.64,
    Belarus11011101Polotsk-0.52,Russia-0.48,
    Belarus11021127Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Russia-0.48,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus11281132Grodno-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Russia-0.32,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus11331133Grodno-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Russia-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,Volhynia-0.16,
    Belarus11341165Chernigov-0.16,Grodno-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,Volhynia-0.16,
    Belarus11661167Chernigov-0.16,Grodno-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Smolensk-0.16,Volhynia-0.16,
    Belarus11681186Chernigov-0.16,Grodno-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,Volhynia-0.16,
    Belarus11871195Chernigov-0.16,Grodno-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Smolensk-0.16,Volhynia-0.16,
    Belarus11961199Chernigov-0.16,Grodno-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,Volhynia-0.16,
    Belarus12001200Chernigov-0.16,Galicia-0.16,Grodno-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12011214Chernigov-0.16,Galicia-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,Volkovyysky-0.16,
    Belarus12151221Chernigov-0.16,Hungary-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,Volkovyysky-0.16,
    Belarus12221239Chernigov-0.16,Galicia-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Polotsk-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,Volkovyysky-0.16,
    Belarus12401240Galicia-0.16,Minsk-0.2,Mongol-0.16,Polotsk-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,Volkovyysky-0.16,
    Belarus12411241Galicia-0.16,Lithuania-0.32,Minsk-0.2,Mongol-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12421242Lithuania-0.32,Minsk-0.2,Mongol-0.32,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12431256Lithuania-0.52,Mongol-0.32,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12571258Lithuania-0.52,Mongol-0.16,Russia-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12591259Lithuania-0.16,Mongol-0.52,Russia-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12601260Lithuania-0.52,Mongol-0.16,Russia-0.16,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12611275Golden Horde-0.32,Lithuania-0.52,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12761276Golden Horde-0.84,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12771279Golden Horde-0.32,Lithuania-0.52,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12801280Golden Horde-0.84,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus12811315Golden Horde-0.32,Lithuania-0.52,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus13161320Golden Horde-0.16,Lithuania-0.68,Vitebsk-0.16,
    Belarus13211325Golden Horde-0.16,Lithuania-0.84,
    Belarus13261326Golden Horde-1,
    Belarus13271348Golden Horde-0.16,Lithuania-0.84,
    Belarus13491352Golden Horde-0.16,Lithuania-0.68,Poland-0.16,
    Belarus13531356Golden Horde-0.16,Lithuania-0.84,
    Belarus13571366Lithuania-1,
    Belarus13671370Lithuania-0.84,Poland-0.16,
    Belarus13711384Lithuania-1,
    Belarus13851385Lithuania-0.8,Poland-0.2,
    Belarus13861425Poland-1,
    Belarus14261435Gorodenskoe-0.16,Poland-0.84,
    Belarus14361483Poland-0.84,Tver-0.16,
    Belarus14841519Moscow-0.16,Poland-0.84,
    Belarus15201522Moscow-0.68,Poland-0.32,
    Belarus15231535Moscow-0.16,Poland-0.84,
    Belarus15361564Poland-1,
    Belarus15651582Poland-0.68,Russia-0.32,
    Belarus15831628Poland-1,
    Belarus16291629Nogai-0.16,Poland-0.84,
    Belarus16301654Poland-1,
    Belarus16551655Poland-0.84,Russia-0.16,
    Belarus16561657Poland-0.64,Russia-0.36,
    Belarus16581667Poland-0.84,Russia-0.16,
    Belarus16681704Poland-1,
    Belarus17051705Poland-0.8,Russia-0.2,
    Belarus17061708Poland-0.64,Russia-0.36,
    Belarus17091721Poland-0.48,Russia-0.32,Sweden-0.2,
    Belarus17221738Poland-1,
    Belarus17391764Saxony-1,
    Belarus17651791Russia-1,
    Belarus17921792Poland-0.52,Russia-0.48,
    Belarus17931915Russia-1,
    Belarus19161917Germany-0.32,Russia-0.68,
    Belarus19181918Germany-0.32,Soviet Union-0.52,Ukraine-0.16,
    Belarus19191919Poland-0.32,Soviet Union-0.68,
    Belarus19201920Poland-0.52,Soviet Union-0.48,
    Belarus19211939Poland-0.32,Soviet Union-0.68,
    Belarus19401941Russia-0.16,Soviet Union-0.84,
    Belarus19421943Germany-1,
    Belarus19441944Germany-0.68,Soviet Union-0.32,
    Belarus19451991Soviet Union-1,
    Belarus19922022Belarus-1,

  • History of Bangladesh (modern boundaries)

    Peak Year: 933, 1.8% of world GDP

    This part of the world is populous but it remained backward economically until recent decades.

    Much of the early history of Bangladesh is obscure. Phersu Atlas shows substantial gaps and often contradicts Geacron. The Wikipedia entries are somewhat useful but there seems to be a lack of primary sources.

    Phersu Atlas even contradicts ifself. For example, see this map for 700 CE

    which contradicts the city data for Dhaka

    The 1 year rule of Gauda looks like an error.

    Geacron shows a completely different 700 CE

    There are also some spelling discrepancies.

    I am following the Wikipedia by using Varendra.

  • History of Afghanistan-Revised

    I have redid this using Phersu Atlas. Phersu-Atlas is more thorough than other online sources. https://phersu-atlas.com/

    State Proportions for Selected Country Table

    CountryStart YearEnd YearProportions
    Afghanistan-3000-800None-1,
    Afghanistan-799-687None-0.5,Scythians-0.5,
    Afghanistan-686-654Media-1,
    Afghanistan-653-653Media-0.75,Scythians-0.25,
    Afghanistan-652-625Scythians-1,
    Afghanistan-624-600Media-1,
    Afghanistan-599-551Kapisa-0.25,Media-0.75,
    Afghanistan-550-550Kapisa-0.25,Media-0.5,Persia-0.25,
    Afghanistan-549-450Kapisa-0.25,Persia-0.75,
    Afghanistan-449-330Kambojas-0.25,Persia-0.75,
    Afghanistan-329-329Kambojas-0.25,Macedon-0.5,Persia-0.25,
    Afghanistan-328-315Macedon-1,
    Afghanistan-314-312Antigonus-1,
    Afghanistan-311-309Antigonus-0.75,Seleucid-0.25,
    Afghanistan-308-303Seleucid-1,
    Afghanistan-302-250Maurya-0.5,Seleucid-0.5,
    Afghanistan-249-210Bactria-1,
    Afghanistan-209-207Bactria-0.75,Seleucid-0.25,
    Afghanistan-206-167Bactria-1,
    Afghanistan-166-120Bactria-0.5,Parthia-0.5,
    Afghanistan-119-50Arachosia-0.25,Parthia-0.75,
    Afghanistan-4918Kushan-0.25,Parthia-0.75,
    Afghanistan1919Kushan-0.25,Pahlavas-0.25,Parthia-0.5,
    Afghanistan2050Pahlavas-0.25,Pallava-0.25,Parthia-0.5,
    Afghanistan51100Kushan-0.25,Pahlavas-0.25,Parthia-0.5,
    Afghanistan101127Kushan-0.5,Pahlavas-0.25,Parthia-0.25,
    Afghanistan128200Kushan-0.75,Parthia-0.25,
    Afghanistan201225Kushan-1,
    Afghanistan226370Kushan-0.25,Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom-0.75,
    Afghanistan371375Alchon Huns-0.25,Kidarites-0.5,Kushan-0.25,
    Afghanistan376388Alchon Huns-0.25,Kidarites-0.75,
    Afghanistan389450Alchon Huns-0.5,Kidarites-0.5,
    Afghanistan451484Alchon Huns-0.25,Hephthalite-0.25,Sassanid-0.5,
    Afghanistan485485Hephthalite-0.5,Nezak Hun-0.25,Sassanid-0.25,
    Afghanistan486560Hephthalite-0.25,Nezak Hun-0.25,Sassanid-0.5,
    Afghanistan561565Nezak Hun-0.25,Sassanid-0.75,
    Afghanistan566572Sassanid-0.75,Tokhara Yabghus-0.25,
    Afghanistan573581Gokturks-0.25,Sassanid-0.5,Tokhara Yabghus-0.25,
    Afghanistan582588Sassanid-0.5,Tokhara Yabghus-0.25,Western Göktürks-0.25,
    Afghanistan589589Sassanid-0.75,Western Göktürks-0.25,
    Afghanistan590600Sassanid-1,
    Afghanistan601625Kapisa-0.25,Sassanid-0.75,
    Afghanistan626653Sassanid-0.75,Tokhara Yabghus-0.25,
    Afghanistan654661Caliphate-0.25,Sassanid-0.75,
    Afghanistan662665Sassanid-0.75,Umayyad-0.25,
    Afghanistan666670Sassanid-0.75,Turk Shahis-0.25,
    Afghanistan671715Turk Shahis-0.25,Umayyad-0.75,
    Afghanistan716740Umayyad-1,
    Afghanistan741750Karkota-0.25,Umayyad-0.75,
    Afghanistan751760Abbasid-0.75,Karkota-0.25,
    Afghanistan761865Abbasid-1,
    Afghanistan866870Abbasid-0.5,Saffarid-0.5,
    Afghanistan871876Abbasid-0.25,Saffarid-0.75,
    Afghanistan877879Saffarid-1,
    Afghanistan880900Hindu Shahis-0.25,Saffarid-0.75,
    Afghanistan901901Saffarid-0.75,Samanid-0.25,
    Afghanistan902977Samanid-1,
    Afghanistan978990Ghaznavids-0.5,Samanid-0.5,
    Afghanistan9911072Ghaznavids-1,
    Afghanistan10731095Ghaznavids-0.5,Western Karakhanid-0.5,
    Afghanistan10961117Ghaznavids-0.5,Seljuq-0.5,
    Afghanistan11181141Seljuq-1,
    Afghanistan11421157Kara-Khitan-0.5,Seljuq-0.5,
    Afghanistan11581180Ghaznavids-0.5,Kara-Khitan-0.5,
    Afghanistan11811186Ghaznavids-0.5,Khwarezm-0.5,
    Afghanistan11871206Ghurid-0.5,Khwarezm-0.5,
    Afghanistan12071215Delhi-0.5,Khwarezm-0.5,
    Afghanistan12161220Khwarezm-1,
    Afghanistan12211221Khwarezm-0.75,Mongol-0.25,
    Afghanistan12221260Mongol-1,
    Afghanistan12611335Chagatai-0.25,Ilkhanate-0.75,
    Afghanistan13361336Golden Horde-0.25,Kartids-0.75,
    Afghanistan13371357Ilkhanate-0.25,Kartids-0.75,
    Afghanistan13581381Herat-0.25,Kartids-0.75,
    Afghanistan13821383Herat-0.25,Timurid-0.75,
    Afghanistan13841469Timurid-1,
    Afghanistan14701502Arghun dynasty-0.25,Timurid-0.75,
    Afghanistan15031504Arghun dynasty-0.5,Timurid-0.5,
    Afghanistan15051507Arghun dynasty-0.25,Timurid-0.75,
    Afghanistan15081511Arghun dynasty-0.25,Bukhara-0.75,
    Afghanistan15121554Arghun dynasty-0.25,Bukhara-0.25,Safavids-0.5,
    Afghanistan15551591Bukhara-0.25,Safavids-0.5,Tarkhan-0.25,
    Afghanistan15921594Bukhara-0.25,Mughal-0.25,Safavids-0.5,
    Afghanistan15951649Bukhara-0.5,Mughal-0.25,Safavids-0.25,
    Afghanistan16501700Bukhara-0.5,Safavids-0.5,
    Afghanistan17011709Mughal-1,
    Afghanistan17101719Hotak-0.25,Mughal-0.75,
    Afghanistan17201722Hotak-0.25,Maratha-0.75,
    Afghanistan17231729Hotak-0.75,Maratha-0.25,
    Afghanistan17301736Hotak-0.5,Maratha-0.25,Safavids-0.25,
    Afghanistan17371738Afsharid-0.25,Hotak-0.5,Maratha-0.25,
    Afghanistan17391740Afsharid-0.75,Maratha-0.25,
    Afghanistan17411747Afsharid-1,
    Afghanistan17481750Afghanistan-0.75,Afsharid-0.25,
    Afghanistan17511839Afghanistan-1,
    Afghanistan18401842Afghanistan-0.25,United Kingdom-0.75,
    Afghanistan18431856Afghanistan-1,
    Afghanistan18571857Afghanistan-0.75,Persia-0.25,
    Afghanistan18581879Afghanistan-1,
    Afghanistan18801880Afghanistan-0.25,United Kingdom-0.75,
    Afghanistan18811979Afghanistan-1,
    Afghanistan19801980Afghanistan-0.5,Soviet Union-0.5,
    Afghanistan19811989Soviet Union-1,
    Afghanistan19902000Afghanistan-1,
    Afghanistan20012001Afghanistan-0.75,United States-0.25,
    Afghanistan20022002Afghanistan-0.25,United States-0.75,
    Afghanistan20032022Afghanistan-1,

  • History of Afghanistan

    The modern nation of Afghanistan had normally been at the periphery of empires.

    Peak Year: 2997 BCE (1.2% of world GDP/population)

    Here is how I have allocated its territory over time.

    State Proportions for Selected Country Table

    CountryStart YearEnd YearProportions
    Afghanistan-3000-551None-1,
    Afghanistan-550-330Persia-1,
    Afghanistan-329-328Macedon-0.5,Persia-0.5,
    Afghanistan-327-323Macedon-1,
    Afghanistan-322-305Bactria-1,
    Afghanistan-304-249Maurya-0.5,Seleucid-0.5,
    Afghanistan-248-227Bactria-0.25,Maurya-0.5,Seleucid-0.25,
    Afghanistan-226-226Bactria-0.75,Seleucid-0.25,
    Afghanistan-225-196Maurya-1,
    Afghanistan-195-130Bactria-1,
    Afghanistan-129-100Arachosia-0.25,Parthia-0.5,Tocharians-0.25,
    Afghanistan-99-70Arachosia-0.25,Parthia-0.75,
    Afghanistan-6920Parthia-1,
    Afghanistan2155Indo-Parthian-0.75,Parthia-0.25,
    Afghanistan5680Indo-Parthian-0.25,Kushan-0.5,Parthia-0.25,
    Afghanistan81250Kushan-1,
    Afghanistan251650Sassanid-1,
    Afghanistan651651Caliphate-0.5,Kapisa-0.25,Sassanid-0.25,
    Afghanistan652661Caliphate-0.5,Kapisa-0.5,
    Afghanistan662669Kapisa-0.5,Umayyad-0.5,
    Afghanistan670750Umayyad-1,
    Afghanistan751861Abbasid-1,
    Afghanistan862900Sistan-1,
    Afghanistan901997Samanid-1,
    Afghanistan9981035Ghaznavids-1,
    Afghanistan10361040Ghaznavids-0.75,Seljuq-0.25,
    Afghanistan10411095Ghaznavids-0.5,Seljuq-0.5,
    Afghanistan10961149Ghaznavids-0.5,Khorasan-0.5,
    Afghanistan11501165Ghaznavids-0.25,Ghurid-0.25,Khorasan-0.5,
    Afghanistan11661205Ghurid-0.5,Khorasan-0.5,
    Afghanistan12061207Ghurid-0.5,Khwarezm-0.5,
    Afghanistan12081221Khwarezm-1,
    Afghanistan12221262Mongol-1,
    Afghanistan12631335Chagatai-0.25,Ilkhanate-0.75,
    Afghanistan13361381Chagatai-0.25,Herat-0.75,
    Afghanistan13821383Herat-0.25,Timurid-0.75,
    Afghanistan13841504Timurid-1,
    Afghanistan15051507Mughal-0.25,Timurid-0.75,
    Afghanistan15081510Bukhara-0.5,Mughal-0.25,Timurid-0.25,
    Afghanistan15111522Mughal-0.25,Persia-0.5,Timurid-0.25,
    Afghanistan15231585Mughal-0.5,Persia-0.5,
    Afghanistan15861597Bukhara-0.25,Mughal-0.5,Persia-0.25,
    Afghanistan15981622Mughal-0.5,Persia-0.5,
    Afghanistan16231638Mughal-0.25,Persia-0.75,
    Afghanistan16391648Mughal-0.5,Persia-0.5,
    Afghanistan16491709Mughal-0.25,Persia-0.75,
    Afghanistan17101722Afghanistan-0.25,Mughal-0.25,Persia-0.5,
    Afghanistan17231729Afghanistan-0.5,Mughal-0.25,Persia-0.25,
    Afghanistan17301738Afghanistan-0.25,Mughal-0.25,Persia-0.5,
    Afghanistan17391739Mughal-0.25,Persia-0.75,
    Afghanistan17401747Persia-1,
    Afghanistan17481839Afghanistan-1,
    Afghanistan18401842Afghanistan-0.5,United Kingdom-0.5,
    Afghanistan18431979Afghanistan-1,
    Afghanistan19801989Soviet Union-1,
    Afghanistan19901995Afghanistan-1,
    Afghanistan19961997Afghanistan-Northern Alliance-0.25,Afghanistan-Taliban-0.75,
    Afghanistan19982022Afghanistan-1,

    Notes

    1. I start Afghan history with the Persian conquest. The Gandhara kingdom does not seem to have extended into Afghanistan. The Kamboja kingdom seems to more of language group and its dates are unclear. The Median conquest is also unclear.
    2. I allocated the GDP of Afghanistan based upon the following 4 cities: Balkh, Herat, Kabul/Bagram, Kandahar
    3. My primary sources have been the Wikipedia and Geacron.

  • Dynasties and Personal Unions

    It was common in European feudalism, to have a various territories to have the same ruler despite being administratively and even geographically separated. I view that it is important to show these as being a single state.

    In most cases, I identify this by the primary or home territory of the ruler. For example, the Habsburg (or Hapsburg) Empire is called Austria, which also corresponds to what it was actually called during its time.

  • France – Modern Boundaries

    Peak: 1300 (7.8%)

    France was unaffected by the Mongol conquests. Other parts of Europe grew faster after 1300.

  • Japan – Modern Boundaries

    Peak Year: 1991 (8.7%)

    Japan was the first Asian nation to industrialize. With its large population it became the world’s second largest economy, until China caught up.

  • Mexico – Modern Boundaries

    Peak: 2999 BC (8.7%)

    Intensive agriculture came later to Mexico than the Old World, so Mexico has the highest numbers at the start of the data.